CONCEPTS OF NETWORKING

Abstract: This research focuses on modern enterprise networking technologies and the transition from traditional MPLS- based networks to SD-WAN and cloud-based networking systems. The study covers routing protocols such as OSPF, BGP, and RIP, routing ring topology, network security, and AI-based automation. Network simulations and testing were performed using tools like Cisco Packet Tracer, GNS3, EVE-NG, and Wireshark to analyze latency, packet loss, failover time, and routing performance. The results show that SD-WAN and modern networking technologies provide better scalability, security, faster convergence, improved bandwidth utilization, and enhanced cloud connectivity compared to traditional networks. The research also highlights the growing role of AI and automation in future enterprise networking.

Keywords: SD-WAN, MPLS, OSPF, BGP, RIP, Enterprise Networking, Network Security, Cloud Networking, AI Automation, Routing Protocols, VLAN, Failover, Network Scalability.