Miniaturization of Microstrip Patch Antenna using Fractal Geometry

Abstract: The development of communication engineering with compact technology demands size reduction of low frequency antennas as an important design perspective. In this work, a microstrip patch antenna with different shaped fractal slots has been implemented. Due to the introduction of the fractal geometry a 20-80% reduction in size and thereby miniaturization of an ordinary microstrip patch antenna for the same resonant frequency is achieved. However size reduction reduces the gain of designed antenna which is then enhanced to a sufficient level by using 4- element array of the same antenna structure as an element reducing the size reduction to 33 %. A 2-element array is then designed to achieve good gain as well as appreciable size reduction of 66 %.The radiation characteristics were simulated. Keywords: Microstrip, Fractal slots, ADS, DGS