Using Genetic Algorithms Reduction of Rectangular Microstrip Patches

Abstract: This paper presents a new procedure for the miniaturization of rectangular microstrip patches based on genetic algorithms. The shape of a typical rectangular patch is modified in order to reduce its resonance frequency keeping the physical volume of the antenna constant. As an example, the resonance frequency of a square microstrip patch is reduced from 3 to 1.8 GHz. The patch is divided in 9 X 9 square cells. The genetic algorithm optimization procedure is subsequently used to remove some of the metallic cells. Good agreement is obtained in theoretical results.

Keywords: Genetic algorithm, microstrip antennas, miniaturization.