ROLE AND CHALLENGES OF HARITHA KARMA SENA: A STUDY IN ERNAKULAM DISTRICT

Abstract: Waste management has become a major environmental challenge due to rapid urbanisation, population growth, and increasing waste generation. In Kerala, Haritha Karma Sena plays an important role in decentralised waste management through activities such as waste collection, segregation, recycling, and awareness creation. This study examines the role and challenges of Haritha Karma Sena in Ernakulam district with special focus on operational difficulties, waste-to-wealth initiatives, technological adoption, and the promotion of sustainable alternatives to plastic. The study is based on both primary and secondary data collected through structured questionnaires, research articles, journals, and government reports. The findings reveal that Haritha Karma Sena contributes significantly to environmental protection and sustainable waste management, but faces challenges such as low income, inadequate safety measures, heavy workload, limited infrastructure, and insufficient public cooperation. The study also highlights the importance of community participation, technological support, and eco-friendly practices in improving the effectiveness of decentralised waste management systems. The research provides useful suggestions for strengthening Haritha Karma Sena activities and promoting sustainable environmental practices in Ernakulam district.

Keywords: Haritha Karma Sena, Waste Management, Decentralised Waste Management, Waste-to-Wealth, Sustainable Development