IoT-Based Biosensing Kit for Salivary Protein Estimation

Abstract: The rapid advancement of Internet of Things (IoT) technology has enabled the development of intelligent healthcare systems capable of real-time monitoring and analysis. This paper presents the design and implementation of an IoT-based biosensing kit for estimating protein concentration in human saliva using a colorimetric detection technique. The proposed system integrates an ESP32 microcontroller, TCS3200 colour sensor, Biuret reagent, I2C LCD display, and the ThingSpeak cloud platform to provide a portable, cost-effective, and non-invasive protein detection solution. The colorimetric reaction converts biochemical changes into measurable optical signals, which are processed using a calibration model to estimate protein concentration and transmitted to the cloud for real-time visualization and analysis. The developed prototype was evaluated through a preliminary experimental study by comparing salivary protein concentration before and after chanting, demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed approach for behavioural and physiological monitoring. Experimental results demonstrated successful protein estimation, reliable cloud-based data monitoring, and ease of operation, indicating the potential of the proposed system for point-of-care diagnostics and future smart healthcare applications.

Keywords: Internet of Things (IoT), ESP32, Salivary Protein Detection, Biosensor, TCS3200 Colour Sensor, Biuret Assay, ThingSpeak, Non-invasive Diagnostics.