International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering

Abstract: The fifth-generation (5G) network marks a significant evolution in mobile communication technology, introducing higher data speeds, ultra-low latency, and improved connectivity compared to previous generations. This study presents an analytical examination of 5G network architecture, its core components, and the enabling technologies such as millimeter-wave communication, massive MIMO, and network slicing. The paper also highlights the transformative potential of 5G across multiple sectors, including healthcare, transportation, education, and industrial automation, where it enables real-time communication and supports large-scale Internet of Things (IoT) applications.

Globally, 5G technology is driving economic growth, supporting digital transformation, and fostering innovations such as autonomous vehicles and smart city infrastructures. However, the study also analyzes the challenges related to spectrum allocation, cybersecurity threats, and the high cost of infrastructure deployment that limit its rapid adoption in developing regions. By evaluating both the opportunities and obstacles, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of 5G’s global impact, emphasizing its role in shaping a more connected, intelligent, and sustainable digital future.

The introduction of 5G technology represents a revolutionary step in global communication. It is designed to deliver extremely high data rates, low latency, and seamless connectivity among billions of devices. Unlike its predecessors, 5G is not just an upgrade in speed—it is an enabling platform for emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), autonomous vehicles, and smart cities. This paper analyzes the architecture of 5G, its deployment status, and its global impacts on economic, industrial, and social sectors. Using analytical methods and secondary data, the study examines the benefits and challenges of 5G adoption across countries. The findings suggest that 5G has a transformative role in driving global economic growth and digital transformation, but sustainability, energy use, and security concerns must be addressed for long-term success.

Keywords: 5G Network, IoT, URLLC, eMBB, mMTC, Smart Cities, Digital Transformation, Global Economy, Cybersecurity, Industry 4.0.

Downloads: | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2025.141115